Payback Period Calculator

Calculate how long it takes to recoup an investment

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Payback Period (years)

About the Payback Period Calculator

The payback period calculator determines how long it takes for an investment to generate enough cash flow to recover its initial cost. It calculates both the simple payback period and the discounted payback period using a 10% discount rate, giving you a complete picture of investment recovery time.

The payback period is one of the most intuitive investment evaluation metrics. Business owners and investors use it to assess liquidity risk and determine how quickly their capital will be returned. A shorter payback period generally means lower risk and faster access to your invested capital.

Use this calculator to evaluate business investments, equipment purchases, or real estate projects. The tool provides both simple and discounted payback periods, along with a detailed cash flow table showing annual cash flows, cumulative totals, and discounted values.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the initial investment amount and the expected annual cash flow.
  2. Optionally enter an annual cash flow growth rate if cash flows are expected to increase.
  3. Click Calculate to see the simple and discounted payback periods and the full cash flow table.

The Formula

The simple payback period is the time required for cumulative undiscounted cash flows to equal the initial investment. The discounted payback period uses cash flows discounted at 10% to account for the time value of money.

Payback = Year Before Recovery + (Unrecovered Cost / Cash Flow in Recovery Year)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between simple and discounted payback period?

The simple payback period ignores the time value of money, while the discounted payback period applies a discount rate to future cash flows. Discounted payback is more conservative and financially accurate.

What is a good payback period?

A good payback period depends on the industry and risk. Generally, a payback period of 3-5 years is considered attractive for most business investments. Shorter payback periods indicate lower risk.

What are the limitations of the payback period method?

The payback period ignores cash flows received after the payback date and does not account for the time value of money in its simple form. The discounted payback period addresses the latter issue but still ignores post-payback cash flows.

How does the discounted payback period improve on simple payback?

Discounted payback period accounts for the time value of money by discounting future cash flows at a specified rate. This provides a more accurate measure of when an investment truly breaks even in today's dollars.

Is payback period or NPV better for investment decisions?

NPV is generally considered superior because it accounts for all cash flows over the entire project life and the time value of money. However, payback period is useful as a supplementary metric for assessing liquidity and risk.

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